MODERN TREATMENT METHODS OF POLYPOID RHINOSINUSITIS
Keywords:
Keywords: polyps, nasal cavity, rhinosinusitis, allergy, bronchial asthma.Abstract
Abstract.
Treatment of polyposis rhinosinusitis is currently an urgent problem of modern
otorhinolaryngology. A significant increase in the prevalence of the disease with
polypous rhinosinusitis (from 5 to 20%) and a high frequency of relapses are due to
insufficiently studied pathogenetic mechanisms for the development of the polypous
process and the lack of effective methods of treatment. The combination of this disease
with bronchial asthma, the asthmatic triad and the addition of a purulent process
significantly complicate the course and treatment of patients with polypous
rhinosinusitis. In accordance with the multifactorial theory, the development of
polyposis rhinosinusitis occurs as a result of mechanical, physical factors, as well as
the penetration of microbial, fungal and viral agents on the surface of the nasal mucosa.
This leads to the activation of the mechanisms of local immunity, which is a whole
complex of specific and non-specific reactions that provide the barrier function of the
mucous membrane. Long-term exposure to various agents leads to a decrease in the
activity of the protective barrier of the nasal mucosa and stimulates the development
of an infection-dependent allergic process. The latter is accompanied by a violation of
immune homeostasis in the form of secondary immunodeficiency, the formation of
persistent immune eosinophilic inflammation, leading to remodeling of the nasal
mucosa and the development of polypous rhinosinusitis.
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