CHANGES IN URINE IN URINARY STONE DISEASE
Keywords:
Key words: urinary stone disease, urolithiasis, urine composition, stone formation, crystallization, calcium oxalate, uric acid, citrate, magnesium, hematuria, pyuria, urinary tract infectionAbstract
Annotation: Urinary stone disease, also known as urolithiasis, is characterized by the formation of stones (calculi) in the urinary tract due to the crystallization of minerals. This condition affects the kidney, ureters, bladder, and urethra, leading to significant alterations in urine composition. Common changes in urine associated with urinary stone disease include altered pH levels, increased concentrations of calcium, oxalate, uric acid, or cystine, and reduced levels of citrate and magnesium, which are natural inhibitors of stone formation. These changes can also lead to hematuria, pyuria, and urinary tract infections. Understanding these alterations is critical for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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