APOPTOSIS: REGULATION AND MECHANISMS OF THE PROGRAMMED CELL SUICIDE-REVIEW
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Keywords: apoptosis, programmed cell death, caspases, Bcl-2 family, mitochondrial pathway, extrinsic pathway, intrinsic pathway, cell signaling, apoptotic regulators, p53, death receptors, cytochrome c, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle, cancer therapy, immune response, cellular homeostasis.Abstrak
bstract: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a hallmark process of cellular
homeostasis, embryonic development, and immune responses. It therefore plays an
important role in the elimination of damaged or unnecessary cells through the
protection of an organism against harmful effects, such as tumorigenesis and
autoimmune diseases.
It reviews the current understanding of the mechanisms that regulate apoptosis,
focusing on intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, regulatory molecules, and the biological
significance of apoptosis both in health and disease. Beyond these issues, the review
will discuss possible therapeutic interventions directed to apoptotic pathways for the
treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and other diseases involving
dysregulation of apoptosis.
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