IMPROVING FLUENCY AMONG MULTINATIONAL LEARNERS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Keywords:
Keywords : Fluency development Multinational learners Primary schools Language acquisition Interactive learning Scaffolded instruction Culturally responsive teaching Parental involvement Educational technology Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)Abstract
In an increasingly globalized world, classrooms are becoming more diverse, hosting students from various linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This diversity, while enriching, also presents unique challenges, particularly when it comes to developing language fluency in multinational learners. Fluency in the language of instruction is crucial for academic success and social integration in primary schools. For many multinational learners, the primary language spoken at home differs from the language they are expected to use in school. This creates a gap that educators must address to ensure that all students can thrive academically and socially.
References
1. Cummins, J. (1979). Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency, Linguistic Interdependence, and the Optimum Age Question. TESOL Quarterly, 13(2), 175187.
2. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
3. Bruner, J. S. (1966). Toward a Theory of Instruction. Harvard University Press.
4. LadsonBillings, G. (1995). Toward a Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465491.
5. Epstein, J. L. (1995). School/Family/Community Partnerships: Caring for the Children We Share. Phi Delta Kappan, 76(9), 701712.
6. Gee, J. P. (2003). What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy. Palgrave Macmillan.