METHODS USED IN TEACHING ENGLISH TO STUDENTS
Keywords:
Key words: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Audiolingual Method, Total Physical Response (TPR), Content-Based Instruction (CBI), Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Lexical Approach, Project-Based Learning (PBL), Flipped Classroom, Blended Learning.Abstract
The methods used in teaching English to students have evolved significantly
over time, reflecting changes in educational theories, technological advancements, and
shifts in pedagogical priorities. Early approaches, such as the Grammar-Translation
Method and the Direct Method, emphasized rote memorization and direct immersion
in the target language. Later methods, like the Audio-Lingual Method, focused on
repetitive drills and language patterns, while Communicative Language Teaching
(CLT) emerged as a response to emphasize real-world communication, fluency, and
interaction over strict grammatical accuracy. More recent approaches, such as Task-
Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and Content and Language Integrated Learning
(CLIL), integrate language learning with practical tasks and subject content, fostering
a more dynamic, student-centered environment. Other methods, like the Silent Way
and Total Physical Response (TPR), prioritize learner autonomy and kinesthetic
learning, offering diverse pathways for engaging students in the language acquisition
process. The choice of method depends on the learners' needs, context, and learning
objectives, with many educators blending approaches to create a balanced, effective
curriculum. This diversity in teaching methods highlights the complexity of language
education and the importance of adapting strategies to ensure learners' comprehensive
language development.
References
The list of used literature:
1. "Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching" by Diane Larsen-Freeman &
Marti Anderson
2. "The Practice of English Language Teaching" by Jeremy Harmer
3. "Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching" by Jack C. Richards &
Theodore S. Rodgers
4. "Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning" by Stephen D.
Krashen
5. "Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy" by H.
Douglas Brown
6. "The Cambridge Guide to Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages"
edited by Ronald Carter & David Nunan
7. "How to Teach English" by Jeremy Harmer
8. "The Lexical Approach: The State of ELT and a Way Forward" by Michael Lewis
9. "Methods that Work: Ideas for Literacy and Language Teachers" by Patricia M.
Cunningham & Dorothy P. Hall
10. "The Silent Way: A New Approach to Language Teaching" by Caleb Gattegno
