ANALYSIS OF ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN.

Аннотация

Abstract. ARI is an abbreviated name for a group of diseases, which stands for 
acute  respiratory  disease.  It  is  characterized  by  an  infectious  lesion  of  the  mucous 
membranes of the respiratory tract, regardless of the localization of the inflammatory 
process. It is popularly called a cold. ARI affects all age groups, but the disease is 
especially dangerous for young children and the elderly - among them, the incidence 
of  respiratory  infections  and  the  risk  of  complications  are  higher.  Some  acute 
respiratory diseases can cause epidemic outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality 
rates.  Such  epidemiological  outbreaks  can  constitute  potential  public  health 
emergencies of international significance. Examples of such diseases include severe 
acute  respiratory  syndrome,  avian  influenza,  and  COVID-19.  In  such  cases,  early 
detection  of  cases  of  potentially  dangerous  diseases  based  on  clinical  and 
epidemiological factors, isolation and treatment of sick patients, and the transfer of 
information to health authorities play an important role. Potentially dangerous diseases 
may be suspected when a patient is diagnosed with a severe acute respiratory disease 
of  unknown  etiology  with  fever  (from  38  °C),  which  may  be  accompanied,  for 
example, by cough and shortness of breath, as well as when other severe diseases of 
unknown  etiology  are  detected,  for  example,  encephalopathy  or  diarrhea. 
Epidemiological  signs  may  include  visiting  countries  during  the  incubation  period 
where cases of a potentially dangerous disease have been recorded, possible contact 
with suspected pathogens, and belonging to a group where the disease is spreading. 
When  cases  of  acute  respiratory  disease  with  fever  are  detected,  the  World  Health 
Organization  recommends  that  healthcare  workers  practice  hand  hygiene,  wear 
protective medical masks, and, if there is a possible contact of biological fluids with 
the  eyes,  wear  eye  protection  (protective  glasses  or  face  shields).  If  there  are 
epidemiological signs of a potentially dangerous disease, it is recommended to wear 
personal  protective  equipment,  place  patients  in  individual  wards  for  airborne 
infections, or conduct cohort isolation of patients, when, in the absence of re-infection, 
patients can be kept and served together (grouped by diagnosis), if the etiology is not 
clear.